LOCKED-IN SYNDROME CLINICAL CASE PRESENTATION AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Locked-in syndrome is one of the most disabling pathologies described, it is generated by alterations in regions of the brain stem that control voluntary movements of the body and limbs, in addition to loss of upper motor neuron function of the caudal cranial nerves. , providing a clinical courtship that has been described even in literary works, but its importance lies mainly in the early recognition of the different causes, providing treatment and thus seeking an opportunity to obtain improvement for the patient, the statistics of improvement are discouraging and in In general, patients depend on third parties if they manage to overcome the acute stage that represents high mortality, which is why the doctor must be trained to manage this syndrome.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
INVESTIGATIO es de acceso abierto y el contenido está disponible de manera gratuita a través de su sitio web: http://revistas.uees.edu.ec/index.php/IRR/.
Para reforzar nuestra política de acceso abierto, la revista INVESTIGATIO se publica bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No Comercial 4.0 Internacional (CC-BY-NC 4.0), la cual permite compartir (copiar y redistribuir el material en cualquier medio o formato) y adaptar (remezclar, transformar y crear a partir del material), bajo la condición de que se den los créditos correspondientes y no se haga uso comercial de los materiales.
References
American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Recommendations for use of uniform nomenclature pertinent to patients with severe alterations of consciousness. (1995). Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 76, 205–209.
Casanova, E., Lazzari, R. E., Lotta, S., & Mazzucchi, A. (2003). Locked-in syndrome: improvement in the prognosis after an early intensive multidisciplinary rehabilitation11No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the author(s) or upon any organization with which the author(s) is/are associated. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 84(6), 862–867. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-9993(03)00008-x
Dargahi, N., Katsara, M., Tselios, T., Androutsou, M.-E., de Courten, M., Matsoukas, J., & Apostolopoulos, V. (2017). Multiple sclerosis: Immunopathology and treatment update. Brain Sciences, 7(7), 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci7070078
Das, J., Anosike, K., & Asuncion, R. (2023). Locked-in Syndrome. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island.
Johnson, T. M., Romero, C. S., & Smith, A. T. (2018). Locked-in syndrome responding to thrombolytic therapy. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 36(10), 1928.e5-1928.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2018.07.003
León-Carrión, J., van Eeckhout, P., Domínguez-Morales, M. D. R., & Pérez-Santamaría, F. J. (2002). The locked-in syndrome: a syndrome looking for a therapy. Brain Injury, 16(7), 571–582. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699050110119781
Leonhard, S. E., Mandarakas, M. R., Gondim, F. A. A., Bateman, K., Ferreira, M. L. B., Cornblath, D. R., van Doorn, P. A., Dourado, M. E., Hughes, R. A. C., Islam, B., Kusunoki, S., Pardo, C. A., Reisin, R., Sejvar, J. J., Shahrizaila, N., Soares, C., Umapathi, T., Wang, Y., Yiu, E. M., … Jacobs, B. C. (2019). Diagnosis and management of Guillain-Barré syndrome in ten steps. Nature Reviews. Neurology, 15(11), 671–683. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-019-0250-9
Lesenfants, D., Habbal, D., Chatelle, C., Soddu, A., Laureys, S., & Noirhomme, Q. (2018). Toward an attention-based diagnostic tool for patients with locked-in syndrome. Clinical EEG and Neuroscience: Official Journal of the EEG and Clinical Neuroscience Society (ENCS), 49(2), 122–135. https://doi.org/10.1177/1550059416674842
Mathais, Q., Esnault, P., Montcriol, A., Gazzola, S., Prunet, B., & Meaudre, E. (2019). Locked-in syndrome following meningitis with brainstem abscess. Revue Neurologique, 175(1–2), 88–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2018.01.375
Nikic, ́., Jovanovic, ́. D., & Paspalj, D. (2013). Clinical characteristics and outcome in the acute phase of ischemic locked-in syndrome: case series of twenty patients with ischemic LIS. Eur Neurol, 69, 207–212.
Patterson, J. R., & Grabois, M. (1986). Locked-in syndrome: a review of 139 cases. Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation, 17(4), 758–764. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.17.4.758
Plum, F., & Posner, J. B. (1982). The diagnosis of stupor and coma (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.
Schnetzer, L., McCoy, M., Bergmann, J., Kunz, A., Leis, S., & Trinka, E. (2023). Locked-in syndrome revisited. Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders, 16, 17562864231160873. https://doi.org/10.1177/17562864231160873
Schultz, J. (2018). Disease-modifying treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The American Journal of Managed Care, 24(15 Suppl), S327–S335.
Smith, E., & Delargy, M. (2005). Locked-in syndrome. BMJ, 330(7488), 406–409. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.330.7488.406
Surdyke, L., Fernandez, J., Foster, H., & Spigel, P. (2017). Differential diagnosis and management of incomplete locked-in syndrome after traumatic brain injury. Case Reports in Neurological Medicine, 2017, 6167052. https://