Innovación proactiva vs. reactiva ¿Cuál es el mejor enfoque para las micro y pequeñas empresas?
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Abstract
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar qué enfoque de innovación, proactivo o reactivo, tiene mejores resultados en la competitividad de las micro y pequeñas empresas. Como metodología se analizaron dos programas de innovación en Perú (Tacna Innova) y Colombia (Macondo Lab) cada uno con un enfoque diferente: reactivo, enfocado en la resolución de problemas y proactivo, basado en ventajas oportunistas. Ambos planteamientos de innovación tienen ventajas y desventajas. Mientras el enfoque proactivo puede generar anticipación competitiva y abrir nuevos mercados, demanda una inversión más significativa en investigación y desarrollo. Por otro lado, el enfoque reactivo puede ser rentable a corto plazo, pero limitar la capacidad de innovación a largo plazo. Como conclusión la elección de la orientación adecuada depende de la estrategia, objetivos y recursos de cada empresa. Aquellas que buscan un crecimiento sostenible deben considerar la posibilidad de integrar ambos enfoques.
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