Español Financial performance and typology of professionals in Brazilian business boards
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research purports to measure the relationship between the professional diversity of the boards of directors and the financial performance of the Brazilian stock companies with a multiple regression model. Methodologically, this is study of a quantitative character with an explanatory scope and a transversal section; it concerns the companies listed in the Ibovespa index for the years 2017 and 2018. Likewise, these firm´s performance was measured through financial indicators, such as ROA, ROE and Profit Margin. The results reveal a diversified board of directors, but this is not statistically significant compared to the financial indicators ROA, ROE and Profit Margin for both years, that have reached a 95% confidence level. There is, however, an average of 87.4% professional diversity and 49.5% of postgraduate´s presence in the board of directors. The Engineering, Administration, Economy and Law areas predominate as important decision-making focus.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
When an article is approved, the author or authors keep the rights or authorship and cede to PODIUM the right to be the first able to edit it, reproduce it, exhibit it and communicate it by printed or electronica media.
In order to reinforce our open access policy, PODIUM journal is published under a license named “Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC-BY-NC 4.0)”. This license allows sharing (copying and redistributing the material in any means or format) and adapting (re-mixing, transforming, and creating starting from the material). Corresponding credits must be given and no commercial use of the materials is allowed.
Partial or complete reproduction of articles published in PODIUM is authorized, as long as the author is appropriately cited as the source and the reproduction has no commercial purposes.
References
Abdullah, S., y Ismail, K. (2013). Gender, ethnic and age diversity of the boards of large Malaysian firms and performance. Jurnal Pengurusan, (38), 27–40.
Adams, R., y Ferreira, D. (2009). Gender Diversity in the Boardroom. Finance Working Paper, 1–35. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.594506
Adams, R., y Ferreira, D. (2009). Women in the boardroom and their impact on governance and performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 94(2), 291–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2008.10.007
Ansoff, I. (1997). La dirección estratégica en la práctica empresarial. Pearson Education.
Bantel, K. (1993). Strategic clarity in banking: Role of top management-team demography. Psychological Reports, (73), 1187–1203.
Baysinger, B., y Butler, H. (1985). Corporate governance and the board of directors: Performance effects of changes in board composition. Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization, 1(1), 101–124. https://doi.org/10.2307/764908
Bilimoria, D. (2000). Building the business case for women corporate directors. In R.J. Burke y M.C. Mattis (eds), Women on Corporate Boards of Directors, (25–40). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3401-4_3
Buse, K., Bernstein, R., y Bilimoria, D. (2016). The Influence of Board Diversity, Board Diversity Policies and Practices, and Board Inclusion Behaviors on Nonprofit Governance Practices. Journal of Business Ethics, 133(1), 179–191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2352-z
Carter, D., D’Souza, F., Simkins, B., y Simpson, W. (2010). The gender and ethnic diversity of US boards and board committees and firm financial performance. Corporate Governance, 18(5), 396–414. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2010.00809.x
Carter, D., Simkins, B., Simpson, W., Borokhovich, K., Crutchley, C., Elson, C., y Longhofer, S. (2003). Corporate Governance, Board Diversity, and Firm Value. The Financial Review, (38), 33–53. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6288.00034
Core, J., Holthausen, R., y Larcker, D. (1999). Corporate governance, chief executive officer compensation, and firm performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 51(3), 371-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(98)00058-0
Denis, D., y McConnell, J. (2003). International corporate governance. Journal of Financial, 38(1), 1–36. https://doi.org/10.2307/4126762
Devillard, S., Sancier-Sultan, S., y Werner, C. (2014). Why gender diversity at the top remains a challenge. McKinsey Quarterly, (2), 23–25.
Erhardt, N., Werbel, J., y Shrader, C. (2003). Board of director diversity and firm financial performance. Corporate Governance, 11(2), 102–111. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8683.00011
Fama, E., y Jensen, M. (1983). Separation of Ownership and Control Separation of Ownership and Control. Journal of Law and Economics, 26(2), 301–325. https://doi.org/10.1086/467037
Goodstein, J., Gautam, K., y Boeker, W. (1994). The effects of board size and diversity on strategic change. Strategic Management Journal, 15(3), 241–250. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250150305
Helland, E., y Sykuta, M. (2005). Who’s monitoring the monitor? Do outside directors protect shareholders’ interests? The Financial Review, 40(2), 155–172. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6288.2005.00098.x
Janis, I. (1973). Groupthink and group dynamics: a social psychological analysis of defective policy decisions. Policy Studies Journal, 2(1), 19–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.1973.tb00117.x
Jensen, M., y Meckling, W. (1976). Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305–360.
Jhunjhunwala, S., y Mishra, R. (2012). Board Diversity and Corporate Performance: The Indian Evidence. The IUP Journal of Corporate Governance, XI(3), 72–79.
Joy, L., Carter, N., Wagner, H., y Narayanan, S. (2007). The Bottom Line : Corporate performance and women’ s representation on boards. Catalyst. Retrieved from http://www.catalyst.org/knowledge/bottom-line-corporate-performance-and-womens-representation-boards
Kang, H., Cheng, M., y Gray, S. (2007). Corporate governance and board composition: Diversity and independence of Australian boards. Corporate Governance, 15(2), 194–207. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2007.00554.x
Kathy Rao, K., Tilt, C., y Lester, L. (2012). Corporate governance and environmental reporting: an Australian study. Corporate Governance, 12(2), 143–163. https://doi.org/10.1108/14720701211214052
La Porta, R., López-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A., y Vishny, R.(2000). Investor protection and corporate governance. Journal of Financial Economics, 58(1–2), 3–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(00)00065-9
Lopes, I., Ferraz, D., y Martins, M. (2016). The influence of diversity on boards on profitability: An overview across iberian non-financial listed companies. Corporate Ownership and Control, 13(2-2), 454-460. https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i2c2p6
Lückerath-Rovers, M. (2013). Women on boards and firm performance. Journal of Management and Governance, 17(2), 491–509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-011-9186-1
Marimuthu, M., y Kolandaisamy, I. (2009). Ethnic and Gender Diversity in Boards of Directors and Their Relevance to Financial Performance of Malaysian Companies. Journal of Sustainable Development, (2), 139–148. https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v2n3p139
Miller, T., y Triana, M. (2009). Demographic diversity in the boardroom: Mediators of the board diversity – firm performance relationship. Journal of Management Studies, 46(5), 755–786. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2009.00839.x.
Mintzberg, H. (2000). Safári de estratégia. Porto Alegre: Ed. Bookman.
Montero, R .(2016). Modelos de regresión lineal múltiple. Documentos de Trabajo en Economía Aplicada. Universidad de Granada. España.
Munisi, G., Hermes, N., y Randoy, T. (2014). Corporate boards and ownership structure: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa. International Business Review, 23(4), 785–796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2013.12.001
Murray, A. (1989). Top management group heterogeneity and firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 10(S1), 125-141. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250100710.
OECD. (2015). OECD Principles of Corporate Governance. World, 46. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264015999-en
Ouchi, W. (1980). Markets, bureaucracies, and clans. Administrative Science Quarterly, 25(1), 129-141.
Pfeffer, J., y Salancik, G. (1978). The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective. Stanford Business Books.
Post, C., y Byron, K. (2015). Women on boards and firm financial performance: A meta-analysis. Academy of Management Journal, 58(5), 1546–1571. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2013.0319
Prahalad, C., y Hamel, G. (2000). A Competência essencial da corporação. In D. ULRICH (org.). Recursos Humanos Estratégicos: novas perspectivas para os profissionais de RH. São Paulo: Editora Futura.
Randøy, T., Thomsen, S., y Oxelheim, L. (2006). A Nordic Perspective on Corporate Board Diversity. Nordic Innovation Centre, (November), 1–34.
Robinson, G., y Dechant, K. (1997). Building a Business Case for Diversity. The Academy of Management Executive, 11(3), 21. https://doi.org/10.5465/AME.1997.9709231661
Schepker, D., y Oh, W.-Y. (2013). Complementary or Substitutive Effects? Corporate Governance Mechanisms and Poison Pill Repeal. Journal of Management, 39(7), 1729–1759. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206312441209
Simons, T., y Pelled, L. (1999). Understanding executive diversity: More than meets the eye. Human Resource Planning, (22), 49–51.
Srinidhi, B., Gul, F., y Tsui, J. (2011). Female directors and earnings quality. Contemporary Accounting Research, 28(5), 1610–1644. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.2011.01071.x.
Srivastava, N. (2015). Does governance structure have any effect on firm performance during the financial crisis: Evidence from selected Indian companies. Journal of Strategy and Management, 8(4), 368–383. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSMA-02-2015- 0014.
Stroh, L., Brett, J., Baumann, J., y Reilly, A. (1996). Agency theory and variable pay compensation strategies. Academy of Management Journal, 39(3), 751–767. https://doi.org/10.2307/256663
Terjesen, S., Sealy, R., y Singh, V. (2009). Women directors on corporate boards: A review and research agenda. Corporate Governance, 17(3), 320–337. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2009.00742.x
Thams, Y., Kelley, K., y Von Glinow, M. (2018). Foreigners in the boardroom: The implications of attitudes toward immigration and conservatism in firms’ sub-national context. Journal of Business Research, 91(1), 8–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.04.028.
Tresierra, Á., Flores, C., y Samamé, X. (2016). La presencia de la mujer en el directorio y su relación con el desempeño financiero de la empresa. Innovar, 26(59), 101-118. doi: 10.15446/innovar.v26n59.54366.
Tuggle, C., Schnatterly, K., y Johnson, R. (2010). Attention patterns in the boardroom: How board composition and processes affect discussion of entrepreneurial issues. Academy of Management Journal, 53(3), 550–571. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2010.51468687
Van der Walt, N., y Ingley, C. (2003). Board Dynamics and the Influence of Professional Background, Gender and Ethnic Diversity of Directors. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 11(3), 218–234. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8683.00320
Van Knippenberg, D., De Dreu, C., y Homan, A. (2004). Work group diversity and group performance: An integrative model and research agenda. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(6), 1008–1022. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.6.1008
Watson, W., Johnson, L., y Merritt, D. (1998). Team Orientation, Self-Orientation, and Diversity in Task Groups: Their Connection to Team Performance Over Time. Group & Organization Management, 23(2), 161–188. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601198232005
Wilkins, A., y Ouchi, W. (1983). Efficient cultures: Exploring the relationship between culture and organizational performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28(3), 468–481. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392253.